G 8

Medical (`The Book of Éumann Ó Bolgaoi')

16th cent. Paper and vellum. 206 pp. mainly 14 X 20.3 cms., the dimensions of pp. 163-84, a gathering of vellum , are irregular.

The pagination is modern. It is the work of several scribes, five of which are identified. The main scribe is Éumann Ó Bolgaoi (Ó Bolccai, p. 1 upper margin, Emunga mhac Daibhidh uadh in Polccai, p. 178). His identified collaborators are: (1) Gillpfadraig, pp. 29-34, etc., scribal entries and signature on last lines of pp. 33, 34 (2) Uilliam O Clerigh, pp. 43-5, etc., scribal entry p. 44. 9 (3) Uilliam hua Cuileamhan, pp. 139-41, etc., signature p. 141 last line (4) Sean O Chlerigh, pp. 142-49 (except lower half of 148), etc., entry and signature p. 145 last line. Contributions from unidentified assistants are on pp. 12 lower half, 41, 42, 114 lower half, 115 upper half, 122-3, 138.11-139.10, 148 lower half, 175.

Ó Bolgaoi writes in various styles but is liberal with his signature, and so there is no doubt about his change of hand. All scribal colophons, signatures and dates are noted below.

The manuscript was written in 1548 (pp. 89, 102). In a colophon on p. 178 - which however appears to be a later addition - when an omission has been supplied the date 1550 can be read. The places of writing are Bodosdoig (pp. 89, 90, 178) and Teampald Gheal (p. 118.18). The first-named place is perhaps Woodstock (< Boddestock), a quarter of a mile west of Athy. According to the scribe (pp. 89, 178) it was the home of the family of Donnchadh mac Deinis [í­ Bholgaoi ?]. Teampald Gheal may be Whitechurch; there is a place of that name in Turnerstown townland (Kildare), three miles from the above Woodstock.

The name Ó Bolgaoi, according to Woulfe, is an apocopated form of Ó Bolguidhir (O Bolger) - a name associated with S.E. Leinster and rarely found elsewhere. The form ó Bolgaoi is known in the 15th cent.; NLI G 11 was written by a scribe of that name, who more frequently wrote it as Ó Bolgaidhi. Another 15th-16th cent. medical scribe of that name writes it as Ó Bolgaidh (RIA 23 M 36, p. 18).

Both forms, O Bolger and O Bolgie, appear in the Fiants, but the two names do not appear together in the same Fiant. Fiant Eliz. 4945, Dec. 6, 1586 contains a pardon granted to Nich. duff O Bolgie of Ferns, Co. Wexford. Gillpfadraig, one of the scribes of the present manuscript, addresses Ó Bolgaoi as Eamonn Dub (p. 34 last line).

The name Ó Cuileamhain, that of the scribe of pp. 139-41, is, like Ó Bolgaoi, associated with S. Leinster and with medicine. The professional link of the two families is further shown in another medical manuscript, G II (see the introductory remarks). Further, G 453, a 16th cent. medical manuscript of the same locality, written for Tadhg mac Caissí­n, contains several remarks addressed to a Murchadh Ó Cuileamhain (ff. 29r, 41v etc.). The latter manuscript has other features in common with the present manuscript.

The contribution of the scribes Uilliam and Seán Ó Cléirigh in the present manuscript shows how certain branches of that family followed the profession of medicine in Leinster.

This manuscript, the `Book of Éumann Ó Bolgaoi' (see p. 29 below), is, so to speak, a pocket-size medical encyclopaedia, containing texts, in a digested form, on almost every branch of medicine and medico-philosophy. It was perhaps intended as a teacher's note-book written with the collaboration of a whole medical school. Except for a few short tracts all the material consists of definitions or propositions extracted from texts. There is, however, no order in the presentation such as is found in the compendium of definitions in NLScot IV where they are somewhat loosely linked together, or in TCD H.4.26, pp. 154 ff. where the miscellaneous definitions are arranged in first letter order. The present compilation of medical and medico-philosophical material indicates the scope and extent of that literature current in Ireland. There are some texts in this collection and in G 11 which do not occur in Thorndike's Incipits of Medieval Scientific Writings in Latin.

Two manuscripts in the RIA contain elements which formerly formed part of the present manuscript. One, 23 N 29 ii, bears on f. 10 a text which is a continuation of the Definitions on p. 134 below and scribbings in the same hand as those on several pages of the present manuscript (e.g. pp. 65, 76, 78); the hand appears to be late 17th or 18th cent. and this would indicated that the fragment was not separated before that period. The other manuscript, 23 N 17, a composite volume, contains (pp. 173-89) fragmentary material in the hands of Émunn Ó Bolgaoi and of a minor scribe of the present manuscript. There are several reasons for believing that these fragemtns too once formed part of G 8. These fragments, like the present manuscript, consist of collections of definitions extracted from texts. The text, beginning `Doctrina est proposite rei demonstratio omnes partes explicans', on p. 177 of 23 N 17 is frequently found associated with texts which are present in G 8, e.g. NLScot LX, G 453, BM Arundel 333. (The sequence of this text in 23 N 17 is properly pp. 177-8, 187-8). The texture of the paper, the layout of the texts and in particular the rubrication of initials in the fragments point to their having been formerly part of G 8.

The composition and material of the gatherings are as follows: 1-2 vellum, 3-4 paper, 5-28 vellum and paper, 29-58 paper (57 has no conjugate, it would have come before 29 and might have been the original front cover of the manuscript), 59-102 paper, 103-4 vellum leaf with stub of conjugate, 105-34 paper (the conjugate of 105 is missing here but is now 23 N 29 ii f. 10), 135-62 paper (137 and 145 have no conjugates), 163-84 vellum (the conjugate of 163 - which may have contained the remainder of Gordon's Clarificatio - appears to have been cut away leaving only an uneven stub on which still can be seen a rubricated `C'), 185-206 paper (205 is misplaced, it was the outer page of this gathering and should come before 185; its conjugate is missing, which contained the remainder - or part - of the text beginning 201).

Apart from the signature of a Peter Pursell (p. 65 lower margin) and an Edmondus (p. 78), who may have been owners, there is no evidence in the manuscript to enable the succession of ownership to be traced until it was no. CLXI in Adam Clarke's collection (see pp. 1, 3). Phillipps subsequently acquired it and it became no. 9750 in his collection. The number 1277 on the upper margin of p. 1 is in a heavy ink and hand like the number `1413' on the inside cover and flyleaf of G 11; this might suggest that these two manuscripts were once in the same collection.

In the 18th cent. this manuscript appears to have been the exemplar for pp. 3-4 of G 503, an intercalated leaf, supplying a lacuna in the Aphorisms of Hippocrates.

The manuscript is in reasonably good condition. The first page, which is holed, is badly discoloured presumably from its position as an outer unprotected page at some time. Other pages showing slight discolouring perhaps for the same reason are pp. 135, 163, 205.

The writing is in single column throughout with the initial of all first lines rubricated. The ruling is by dry point with marginal prickings on the vellum leaves only. The number of lines to the page is 25-31.

The present binding in brown leather with Ms. De Medicina Hibernice in gilt on spine is by Phillipps (Bretherton ligavit 1850, inside front cover).

Page

1. John of Damascus. Medical Aphorisms. Beg. Ignoratis principis ignorantur que postprincipia sunt .i. an tan bis ainbhfis ar neach isna tosaighibh is deacuir leis anni bis a ndiaigh na tosaigh do thuicsin. Ends re n-abur pioine in epilepsia. Finit 7 lik. do téx d.m.s. (=Damasenus). Headed <... an barc so> Eamainn i Bholccai nec ni bene an gles na in <figir> na in litir na in lamh.

Aphorisms in Latin followed by Irish translation extracted from the commentary by Isidore on the aphoisms of John of Damascus, a full copy of which is in King's Inns MS. 18 and NLScot XIII first layer (continued in NLScot XXII). The opening lines of the text in those mss. are `Liberet te Deus fili amantissime a devio erroris' etc. For other copies of the aphorisms only see BM Ar. 333 ff. 62-66v (imperfect) and TCD H.2.12 no. 14. Several of these aphorisms are also included in a different collection in NLScot II ff. 44-47.

The two brief items on p. 4 (which occupy only half the page and for which see below) are not part of this text.

8-9, 11-17 margins. Twelve definitions (medical, physical and metaphysical) occur on these pages above and/or below the principal matter. Beg. Adeir Iohanes Ebennsue gac[h] ni o toghairmigthear an fual. Ends leath asdtigh amhain. Other authorities cited include Aristotle and Bernard (of Gordon).

4 Logical proposition. Beg. Adeir Aristotail in primo principiorum gurob inann na neithi so materia ethon adbar. Ends ata co haicideac[h] et lk 7ca. for similar proposition see p.98.1.

4.6 On the flatulent properties of the bean. Beg. Adeir Iohanes Gaidisdens mar a labhrann Galen don ponaire. Ends chedoibriugad 7rla. The remainder of the page is blank.

17.5 The following nis bhirgs od ndaine id est nad er camh laefna i sini uta namhairtet ann sin.

17.6 Medical definition. Beg. Ominis qualitas ebes est. Ends na tirmaideachta 7ca.

17.8 Aristotle. Metaphysical propositions extracted from De Generatione et corruptione. Beg. Elementa non manent actu in mixto sius uirtute .i. adeir Aristotail primo de g[e]neracione nac[h] do reir gnimha. Ends nach cco direach. Finit et lek. Fourteen propositions.

18.6 Three brief notes on food. Avicenna on (1) adverse effect of eating meat without sufficient exercise and (2) eating a variety of foods over a long period. No authority is cited for the third which contains a warning against having a harmful substance in the food. Beg. Qui multa consueuit comedere carnem ... .i. gibe do dnathaig feoil do chaitheamh. Ends lind find. et lek.

18.15 Logical propositions. Beg. Subiectum est illud quod non habet esse ... iscad is suibidheacht ann .i. anní­ acca bhfhuil esse coimlí­nta uadha fein. Ends acc an n-ealadhain. 7rla.

On Subject, Accidence, Object. Authority cited na loiici. Similar propositions in Ar. 333, f. 60v 5-f. 61-16 (where Aristotle is cited as authority) and NLScot IV 99b-101 (authority `na logici').

19.7 Logical propositions Beg. Substancia non potest esse in accidenti nec accidens in substantia. Ends co n-anann si fa ní­.

Three propositions on Substance. They are included in a collection of propositions in Ar. 333, f. 85 where Aristotle is cited as authority. The second and third propositions are in NLScot IV 38 where Porphyry (`Purpurius') is cited as author of the second and Aristotle of the third.

19.11 Short paragraph on the five divisions of Nature. Beg. Adeir Alibertus issin .4. leabhur dona neithibh nadurda. Ends issin .5. comhsuidhiugad. 7 ca.lek.

19.15 Two logical propositions. Beg. Quaecumque forma naturalis est in materia eius opocita. Ends co nadura and.

19.19 Definition of Art. Beg. Ars est arbor antiguisima ... isead is ealadha ann seanchrand. Ends an mhillseacht.

19.22 On Generation. Beg. Dixit Auerois uisisima conclucione duplex est g[e]neracio .i. go bhfhuilid da genemain ann. Ends 7 nac[h] o aicid 7rla.

For another copy see Ar. 333, f. 9b-10.

19 upper margin. Saying from Bernard beg. Cinnus tunthar na piasta. Ends ina medium. Bernard dixit; lower margin: two logical propositions beg. Dubium esse minimum est. Ends do reir na gne <...>. Included in a collection of propositions attributed to Aristotle in Ar. 333, f. 85.

20 Fragment from a scholastic text on Cosmology. Beg. Dicit Plata quod tiria (sic) fuerunt principia rerum .i. adeir Plata co bhfhuilid .3. tosaighi ag na réadaibh .i. cruthaighthoir 7 adbar 7 foirm. Ends et an resun 7 rlka.

For another copy see H.2.8, pp. 61-3 and a fragment (end) 23 O 4, p.51.

For further information see F. Shaw, Nedieval Medico-Philosophical Treatises in the Irish Language §§ 14, 20, Féil-sgrí­bhinn Eóin Mhic Néill.

21 lower margin. Proposition beg. Non estmelior probacio quam efidencia facti. Ends da fhoillsiuccad.

22.27 Two medical propositions (1) On urine. Beg. Adeir Ysacc in libro urinarum. Ends allus de. (2) Beg. Pingedo causatur ex humido bene digestio. Ends an meathradh. Included in a collection of propositions in Ar. 333, f. 86.

23 Medico-Philosophical and Alchemical. Beg. Accio creature super ailiquid fundatur eadhon bith gnimh an chruthaightheora ar ret egin go bunaiteac[h]. Ends ndisgaileadh et. lk. finet ann do sin. Consists of propositions, definitions and quotations in Latin followed by Irish translation extracted from four tracts, copies of which are in G 11, pp. 339-68, Ar. 333, ff. 98r-107v (the last three texts in this ms. are extracts only). The first three tracts listed by F. Shaw, Medieval Medico-Philosophical Treatises in the Irish Language §§ 6-8, Féil-sgrí­bhinn Eóin Mhic Néill, are (1) De Principiis Naturae, a scholastic treatise on primary matter, form and privation (2) De Mixtione Elementorum, a rendering of the opusculum of St. Thomas (3) De Motu Cordis, also of St. Thomas. The fourth tract (G 11, pp. 351-68b, present ms. pp. 26.18-28) is an alchemical work, for particulars of which see G 11, p. 351. The scribe makes no division between the four tracts in the present ms.

For other copies see Ar. 333 ff. 2931vb, 23 N 17 pp. 158-57, 145-54 (= proper sequence of leaves; for further correction in sequence of leaves in this Academy ms. see p. 111 below).

25 lower margin. Medical definition. Beg. Infirmus neque. Ends tarta air.

26 upper margin. The following <...> obecunnda fa albificat de clarificato. Sgreamheog na choirce [...].

27 lower margin. Medical definition Beg. Medicus est qui sanat. Ending illegible.

28.29 Aphorism beg. Qui cum sapientibus graditur. Ends et econtra.

29 Aphorisms of Hippocrates.

(Bk i) Beg. [V]ita breuis ars uero longa tempus autem acutem exper[i]mentum ... .i. o ata an ealadha co fada 7 an beatha co hudmhall 7 aimsir an leighis go prap. Headed [A]men Amen an tinnscadal ar leabor Eumainn hi Bolgaoi.

The following scribal entries and probations pennae occur in this section: (1) p. 33 last line Ag sin duit a Émainn i Bholgáoi; (2) p. 34 Beandacht leis deEamonn dub ó Ghillpfadraig; (3) p. 33 upper margin Féchain glesa pinn sunna duibhgheann a tairrngire ccned.fromad pinn annso o tSean; (4) p. 34 upper margin duiphgheann a tairrngire ccned amail adeirin. Seallad droichduibh 7 (with stroke through it) ar leang Ema[inn].

(Bk ii) p. 35. Beg. [In] quo morbo sumpnus laborem presdat mortale ... .i. gac[h] easlainti ina n-urc[h]oidighenn in collad don othur. Headed by Ó Bolgaoi's probatio pennae: Seallad pinn ann so sis agus dar lium ni bene in gleas na in litir.

The following scribal entry occurs at the end of this section (p. 44) ag sin o Uilliam O Clerigh an text deghinac[h] don dara leabar.

(Bk. iii) p. 44. Beg. [M]utaciones temporum maxime g[e]nerant morbos ... .i. a claechlod na n-aimsear is romar cruthaighthear na heaslainti. The following entry occurs at the end of this section (p. 51) ag sin crich ar an treas leabhar do thex Ipocraid.

(Bk. iv) p. 51. Beg. [P]regnantes si conuenit purgare a quarto mense ... madh egin na mna thorrcha d'fholmugad.

(Bk. v) p. 64. Beg. [S]pasmus ex elleboro mortale est adhon an spasmus tic o fholmugad as marbthac[h] hé. Inner margin in 5^{d pair}tegal.

(Bk. vi) p. 75. Beg. [I]n diuturnis lyenterniis oxremia ... .i. da mbia lyenteria ar neac[h] re haimsir fhada 7 oxiremia. Outer margin in .6. pairtegal. The last aphorism here has no Irish translation following; there is, however, space allotted for it. The following scribal entry occurs on p. 81 last line as fuar lium mo mhanus aniubh mise Eamonn.

(Bk. vii) p. 83. Beg. In acutis morbis frigiditas extremitatum malum .i. da mbét na rainn imillac[h]a fuar. Ends iss comhurtha bais. Finit Amen followed by colophon a mBodosdoig a bhfochair cloinni Donnchaid mheic Deinis (the following written in reverse) anno Domini an tan do crichnaigidh so 1548. Misi Eumann et tabhradh gach aon oirbi ar m'anum.

An Irish version of a translation of the Latin text of the Aphorisms (for the Irish version of a longer recension see Harl. 4347 and 23 K 42). There is a similar copy in G 503 (but with 20 aphorisms less in Bk vii of that ms.) written by Eoghan Ó Fearghusa, andin a colophon at the end of the text Ó Fearghusa is also mentioned as the author of the translation. This colophon, however, does not appear to be in the hand of Ó Fearghusa, it is more like the 18th cent. (?) hand of pp. 3-4, an intercalated leaf, of the ms. (see G 503). It is difficult to accept the statement attributing the authorship of the translation to Ó Fearghusa since the present copy of the Aphorisms was made in 1548 (see p. 89), what would appear to be about 15 years earlier than Ó Fearghusa's copy (see further). The place of writing of both scribes was far apart also.

The writing, elaborate initials, layout, etc. of Ó Fearghusa's copy would indicated that it was written in or about the same period as another of his mss., TCD H.4.16 (Ó Fearghusa's major part in this ms. is not noted in TCD Cat. Ir. MSS.) which, according to several scribal entries, was written in 1563 at `Coill Neill, Baile Matha' (Tirawley). G. 503 was written at Baile na hUachamhala' (? Ballaghowle, Claremorris).

It appears Ó Fearghusa was still active in 1582 as he gave his copy of a translation of a text of Geraldus de Solo to Conchubhar Óg mar Maol Tuile whose transcript of it is now in 23 I 19 (not noted in RIA Cat. Ir. MSS.) and in part of 23N17 (see p. 52 of that ms. for Mac Maol Tuile's colophon; see also p. 111 below).

Cf. H.2.12 no. 14 (last 3 folios) for a fragmentary copy of present version.

51 lower margin. The following Is uime adearar tital isna leauhra a gcoitc[h]inde .i. is inand tital isin Greigis 7 sol a Laidin 7 is inand sol a Laidin 7 grian a Gaoidheilcc <7 mar> hsoill<sighius>in gri[a]n na hairdreannaigh is mar sin hsoillsighius in tidal in tex a sgribhthar.

89.18 Aphorisms. Beg. Cuiusmodi medicus est qui astronomiam ignorat nemo guidem in manibus illius se comittere ... adhon adeir Ipocraid cad he fein mar liagh an neac[h] bis a n-ainbhfhis na hastrolaigheachta óir ní­ ghlighind enneac[h] e fein do thabhairt fona lamhaidh ar son a nemhforthachta. Ends ina regimen diles 7. lek. 7 ca.

Aphorisms from a text dealing with the necessary qualifications for a doctor, the nobleness of his vocation and the respect due to him, etc. Authorities cited include Hippocrates, Galen, Seneca, Salomon, Haly, Avicenna, Rhazes.

The following scribal entry occurs on p. 90 last line Anocht oidche Chase a mBodosdoig dham anois [e] (= Éamonn).

92.15 Logical and Metaphysical propositions. Beg. Substancia accipitur aliquando proforma aliquando pro materia aliquando pro compocito ex illis .i. adearmaid co ngabhthar in tsubstaint uair ann ar son na foirime 7 uair eile ar son an adbair 7 uair eile ar son an neithe a coimsuigigud uatha ar aon. Ends da gac[h] taoibh de. 7ca.

Authorities cited include Avicenna, De Anima (Aristotle), Alibertus.

94.6 Psychological Propositions. Beg. Anima est spiritus intellectualis rationalis semper uiuens semper in motu ... .i. isead is anam ann spiorad tuicsineac[h] raosunta bis beo do thshí­r. Ends sa chorp dhaena. et relik dho sin 7ca.

Eleven definitions of the soul in Latin with Irish translations extracted from De Rupella's treatise De Definitione Multiplici Potentiarum Animae, copies of which are in 24 B 3, pp. 113-124 and H.2.12 no. 11, pp. 9-12 (in part). For further information on original and the Irish text see F. Shaw, Medieval Medico-Philosophical Treatises in the Irish Language § 15, Féil-sgrí­bhinn Eóin Mhic Néill. For another copy of the definitions only see NLScot IV, 44-7.

95.14 Miscellaneous collection of aphorisms, propositions and definitions. The first four aremedical beg. Quando fermior egritudo est tando dificilius curatur .i. gac[h] daingine da mbia an easlainti; followed by Opinio est accepcio ... .i. isead is baramail ann; followed by nine Aristotelian propositions on motion beg. Omnis motus est propter indigenciam .i. adeir Aristotail gac[h] uile gluaiseacht curob o riachtanus leas ata; followed (p. 96) by a definition of complexion beg. Complex est qualitas qui exaccione ... isead is coimplex and do reir Avicenna cail eirgeas. Ends coimplexamhail ann. This definition and the last four propositions on motion are included in the same order in a collection of definitions etc. in Ar. 333, f. 49r ll. r-13.

See p. 104.4 for a somewhat similar definition of complexion.

96.15 Brief definitions on certain stages in the course of an illness. Beg. Adeir Commentator go bhfuil deifir etir acuta absolute 7 acute non absolute 7 acute simplisitur. Ends chom beatha thét 7. lek. an dara pairtegal dixit.

96.26 De Gradibus. Beg. Gradus est augumentum primarum qualitatum ... .i. isead is ceim ann méadugad imshlan ana cedchaile. Ends sbais .60. minuid.

Definitions in Latin with Irish translation extracted from a tract on the four degrees - hot, cold, dry, moist - in which certain materia medica is classed. For a copy of the tract see NLScot XIII, 70. Cf. NLScot II, ff. 124-5 for a different tract on the same subject.

97.9 Physical and Logical Propositions. Beg. Lumen et motus sunt superiores calidite .i. is tusca an deallradhach 7 in solus 7 in gluasacht na in teas. Ends 7 gac[h] saint F.i.n.i.t. followed by a proposition on the soul Anima nulum locum ocupat. Ní­ ghlacann an t-anam inadh ar bith. (included in collection of propositions attributed to Aristotle in Ar. 333, f. 85).

For another copy of three of the first four propositions above see Ar. 313, ff. 6-7 (the intercalated strips of vellum).

98 Logical Proposition. Beg. Adeir Aristotail in primo principiorum gurob inann na neithi si materia .i. adbar. Ends ata go haicideach. et.lek.

For a similar proposition see p. 4 above.

98.6 Beg. Subcanit ante canem moleste sunt farmascie .i. dleagar seac[h]na gac[h] folmaigthi isna laothaibh re n-abur dies cainiculares ... Dearbaid Galen inntind I porcraid isin canoin so do tri resumuibh. Ends do reir ghluaise sheanc[h]ompoide et. lek. 7 ca Finit.

Tract on the annual course of the sun in the Zodiac prefaced by remarks on why purging must not be done during certain days of the year.

For another copy see NLScot II, ff. 38-36 (ff. 33-58 of the ms. are reversed in binding). G 11, pp. 457-9 contains a copy without the preface.

101.10 Guy de Chauliac. Anatomy. Beg. Anatomia est recta diuiscio 7 de terminata ... .i. isead is anatomia and do reir Gydo. Ends is dodilegtha he. 7 ca.

Some definitions in Latin followed by Irish translations extracted from the anatomical treatise of Guy de Chauliac. For more extensive copies of the treatise see Ar. 313, ff. 10-13b, TCD E.4.1, pp. 17-35. The Irish translation is attributed, in the Trinity manuscript, to Cormac mac Duinn Shléibhe.

102 On perception and touch. Proposition. Beg. Adermaid da gcurthar ní­ rathaigheac[h] ar ní­ rathaigheac[h] nac[h] raithighinn he 7 da gcurthar ní­ tadhuilteac[h] airighidh he. Ends ac airiugad et ca.

102.4 On moderation in degrees (hot, cold, dry, moist). Beg. Tuic do reir na n-uile dhochtúir curob amhlaid ata an measurdhacht arna cudroma ona ceithri cailib ... et as i inntinn Auerroes nac[h] coir dénamh na cemeand do beith a modh dhubhulltha. Ends Auerroes adubairt isin cuigeadh leabar da Cellectorium fen isin caibidil deighineach. 7 ca.

102.18 Three definitions. Beg. Odor est res fumosa aeri admixta .i. isead is boltunugad ann. The other two following definitions are on digestion beg. Digestio est habilitas. Ends doni easlainti Avicenna dixit.

102.23 Medical definitions. Beg. Immoderacio uero replexio immoderata euacuacio ... .i. rig a leas an replexio ainmeasurdh[a] a folmugad. Ends 'na bhaladh followed by scribal entry Anno Domini an tan do graibne an beac so .1548. 7 misi Eumonn.

103 De generatione embryonis. Beg. Cum recipit matrix generando spermata patrum .i. in uair ghabhus in maclocc c[h]um genemhna hsilni na n-athrac[h]. Ends don ni ro cruthaighidh.

Definitions in Latin with Irish translation probably extracted from a tract on the formation and growth of the human embryo (see Thorndike, A Catalogue of Incipits, 136, for opening lines of texts of a similar nature). Whether the remaining definitions - medical and logical - are part of this tract or not has not been ascertained. Authorities cited (p. 104) for three of them are do reir Isidorus a mBartolomeus [Anglicus] de Proprietatibus [Rerum], an feallsamh (Aristotle) and Bernard (of Gordon).

105 Beg. Qui susitauit sienciam non est mortus id est in té do duisigh an ealadha ni marbh e. Medicina est sciencia sanorum egrorum 7 nemhutrorum (= neutrorum) .i. isead is leighis ann fis na slan 7 na n-easlan 7 na nemhnechtardha. Ends gan hinmhethon. et lek. 7 ca. Headed Tateus dixit.

Aphorisms, propositions and definitions in Latin with Irish translation probably extracted from a medical tract by Thaddeus Florentinus. For other copies see Ar. 333, ff. 40-45, NLScot LX, pp. 199-209, G 453, ff. 5-8 (attributed to `Tateus' also in this ms.). The text in the last two mss. begins with the second aphorism. This may be the text listed (no author cited) by Thorndike , A Catalogue of Incipits, 404 `medicina scientia sanorum egrorum et ... Prologus de causis sanis, egris, et neutris'. See also Additional Incipits of Medieval Scientific Writings in Latin, Speculum xiv, 100.

Many propositions etc. from this text are included in other collections in NLScot II 49-53, IV 54-65. The copy in G 453 contains marginal references to authors of propositions, etc.

A text in B II r, p. 23 (RIA Cat. Ir. MSS., p. 3265) with the opening line similar to the second aphorism above is not however the same text as the present one.

110.22 Two logical propositions. Beg. Natura est principium tocius ordinacionis nostro corpure; followed by definition beg. Ceimeanna na ndul 7 na leannann so. Ends ser sa chedchiem.

111 Geraldus de Solo. Beg. [P]ost mundi fabricum eiusque deccorem de substancia teir eistri ... .i. adeir Giraldus de Soloo (sic) iar ndenomh in domhoin co n-ilur mhaisi 7 ailli do chruthaig Dia in duine o tsubstaint talmuidhi. Ends a laccerti na gcos. Et elik do definicion Geralldus.

Chapter headings, aphorisms and definitions in Latin with Irish translation extracted from a tract on diseases by G. de Solo, a full copy of which is in TCD H.2.13, pp. 79-121.

There is another copy in RIA 23 I 19 + part of 23N17. The whole of 23 I 19 is devoted to the text (erroneously named Geraldus de Solo's commentary on Rhazes in RIA Cat. Ir. MSS., p. 2322). Many leaves are missing and many of the remainder are in wrong order, no doubt since the time of binding. Some of the missing leaves (their numbers are noted in RIA Cat., p. 2321) are now scattered throughout 23N17, a composite ms. which also contains part of the present ms. (see introductory remarks). The remainder of this composite ms., pp. 7-50, contains a tract based on the Rosa Anglica and the Lilum Medicinae, but the author is not Geraldus de Solo as stated in the RIA Cat., p. 2838. The colophon in 23N17, p. 52 supplies the name of the scribe, date and place of writing 23 I 19, stated as unknown in RIA Cat., p. 2321. He is Conchubar Óg mac Maol Tuile writing in 1582 at Carraig an Eide.

The proper sequence of the present text from the two Academy mss. is as follows (23 I 19 = I, 23N17 = N. H.2.13 = H. The numbering refers to the photostat pages of the mss.): Acephalous. Beg. (at point corresponding to H p. 79a45) N pp. 159-160, 172-171, 163-4, I ff. 1-8v, [lacuna], 10r-40r, 52v, [lacuna], 41r-47r, 68v, 90r-v, 48-52r, [lacuna], N 1-6, I 54r-57v, N 65-6, I 59r-67r, 75v-76r, 67v-68r, [lacuna], 74-5, 73-72, 78, 80-4, 87, 86, 85, 88, 79, 88v, N 63-4, 61-2, 57-8, 60, 59, 53-6, 51-2.

Cf. Ar. 33, ff. 50-6 for another copy of the definitions etc. beginning at the point corresponding to l.11 of the present collection (i.e. Siensia est nobilis possisio).

Immediately following the end of the text is the scribal entry as Teampald Gheal damh anois.

118.19 Aristotelian axioms of logic and rules of syllogism. The opening words of the paragraphs are Sicut nil in uidendo uidimus tenibras ... Forma dicitur actus primus et perfexio prima ... (p. 119) Maior et minor et conclusion sed nullum de his non repiritur in tuo arrgomento ... .o. tri neithi is egin dfagbail a ngac[h] arrgomaint .i. mar ata maior 7 minor 7 conclucio ... Solucio is uime adearar in t-ainm so ... (p. 120) Argomentum est recio rei dubie faciens fidem ... .i. isead is argomaint and ... Et edirdeiligthear an argomaint a .4. modaibh .i. mar ata emtimema 7 exemplum inducio 7 silogismus. Ends do ceadaighi 7 do cuireadh. 7ra.

118 lower margin. The following aphorism: Frustra fiunt per plura que posunt fieri per pauciora .i. Anní­ fhétar do dénamh le beccan is dimaoineach moran do c[h]aitheamh fris.

120.22 Note on different types of fever resulting from sanguine humour. Beg. Da roib fiabras fhola deirgi a n-aenmodh ona thosac[h]. Ends in rand morgaithe di. 7ra.

121.9 De criticis diebus. Beg. Ata drong dona laeithibh faethaighthi 7 fetar periodi do radh riu 7 drong ele 7 fetar interiasintes do radh riu 7 comairim mar so iat .i. airim on .4. la ar thinnscain an easlainti co nuigi an .7. la. Ends a ngac[h] fiabhras acu. 7ra.

No authority is cited.

124.9 The opening line only of De actionibus occultis (Thomas Aquinas) Quoniam in quibusdam naturalibus ... aparent .i.

124.11 Short tract on the humours. Beg. Quatuor humores sunt in umano corpure silicet saingis colera 7 melingcolia fledma .i. atait .4. leanna isin chorp dhaena thigearnaigius ann .i. linn ruadh 7 linn dubh fuil dearg 7 linn fuar 7 atait .u. gneithi ar linn ruadh. Ends imurcrach na n-inneadh. 7ra.

Galen and Haly cited as authorities. Cf. Thorndike, A Catalogue of Incipits, 550.

125.24 The following aphorism: Malus cibus usitatus melior est bono non usitato .i. an drochbhiad arna gnathugad gurob fearr é na an biad maith nar gnathaigid.

126 Logical and medical propositions. Beg. Omne artificum per suum excercicium caput incrementum .i. gac[h] uile ealadhi is rena freagar ismo gabhus si inntleacht chuicci. Ends oibrigius an leigeas. Et rlk.

On `Substance' and `Accidence'. Includes a few medical propositions.

These propositions would appear to have been extracted from a medical tract which began, in the customary manner of many medical tracts, with philosophical definitions.

127.5 On purging the humours. Beg. Airteri on mbreithir is arco .i. cumgaidim ... Fiarfaigthear annso in coir leigheas lagthach do thabhairt d'folmugad fola deir[g]i.

Breaks off (l.13) with An .3. cuis.

127.14 Beg. Maior conuenencia est inter caput Socratis 7 Platonis quam inter caput Socratis 7 manus eiusdem. is mo an comaentiugad ...

Fodhuiltear an bhrigh nadurda a tri brigaibh an chedbrigh dibh re n-abar generatina .i. an brig genemhnach ...(p. 128) Adeir Galen a Meotegni go ndisdingthear fuil dearg o tri cemeannaibh na heisi .i. esinciatum esse tinscainnteac[h].

Ends annsna huile bhall 7 lek 7 ca.

Short tract - beginning with two logical propositions - on the three natural forces and the three stages in the formation of blood in various organs of the body.

128.13 Beg. Generans 7 g[e]neratum assimilanntur in complexione .i. aní­ ghineas 7 o ngentear comaontaigid do reir coimplexa. Outer margin Hali dicit. Ends ina curthar he. Hali dicit sin.

Eight medical aphorisms of a general nature apparently extracted from a collection of aphorisms beginning `Quicumque cognito membrorum interiorum esse deciderat fiat in animam suam diuinam auxilium implorare' copies of which are in NLScot LX, pp. 187-93, G 453, 2v-3v.

129 Beg. Introduciones indebite que prima 7 cumunia principiorum artis uocabula. isead is adeir Arnalldus de Uillanova is neimhdlisdineac[h] tosaighi do ghairm dona neithi. Ends cumhachtain tholthanach immediately followed by scribal entry as trimuin atu aniugh Ceadain an Braith ar beacan buinne 7 costais. Headed Arnalldus dixit.

The introduction to Arnold of Villanova's Medicinalium introductionum speculum followed by propositions extracted from the text proper beginning (l.11) Medicina est scientia cognoscendi disposisciones humani corporis ... Isead is leigheas ann egna aithnighius suigiugad an chuirp.

See Thorndike, a Catalogue of Incipits, 365, 404.

The following scribal invocation and signature occur (in red ink) at the foot of p. 129 co tucadh Dia slainti cuirp 7 anma dhamh fein 7 dom charaid co huilidhi [E] mac Daibhidh hi [Bholgai].

132 De Tribus Principiis Naturae. Beg. Bith a fhis agad curob iad so tri tosaighe na naduire .i. materia 7 forma 7 priuasio. Ends masead ni tosach. 7ra.

Metaphysical fragment on the original principles from which Nature is formed. Aristotle's Metaphysics 6 is cited (l.11).

For other copies see RIA 23 O 4, p. 55 and NLScot II, 41.

133.21 Metaphysical propositions. Beg. Materia prima est illa ex qua fit res et manet in re. isead is cedadbar ann.

Six propositions immediately followed (134.7) by an account of the eight constituent elements of human nature beginning Adearmaid curop d'uiii. randuibh do ronneth Adhamh. An .100. rann do thalamh. Ends bu socchradach alann. 7ra.

Cf. 23N17, pp. 67-70 lower margin for similar propositions as above.

134.19 Definitions of the seven liberal arts. Beg. As iat so na .uii. ngradha saora id est gramatica 7 diletica 7 retoirica musica 7 geomotric asdrolomia arsmetica.

Breaks off with p. 134 7 na n-airdreannach. The remaining portion of the text is in RIA 23N29, ii, fo. 10v, one of two composite mss. (23N17 the other) containing fragments of the present ms. (see introductory remarks). Folio 10 has been bound in reverse in 23N29, and 10r should follow 10v. A new text begins on fo. 10r (for opening words see RIA Cat. Ir. MSS., p. 1222) which consists of aphorisms mainly concerning the humours, presumably extracted from a medical text.

For further information on the above text see F. Shaw, Medieval Medico-Philosophical Treatises in the Irish Language § 1, Féilsgrí­bhinn Eóin mhic Néill.

135 Lilium Medicinae. Beg. Febris est calor innaturalis mutatus in ingnem .i. isead is fiabhras ann teas minadurda arna chlaechlodh a dteinnthighacht.

Definitions from five parts (the fifth is incomplete) of Bernard of Gordon's Lilium Medicinae. The definitions in Latin followed by Irish translation are often shorter and less numerous here than in more common version (which includes the seven parts) copies of which are in RIA 23K42, 24P3, NLScot LX, TCD H.4.16 etc. For another somewhat different version see G 453 f. 45. The present version is more or less akin so that in BM Harl. 4347 (15th cent.) but the latter breaks off shortly after the beginning of the second part. For a ull copy of the Irish version of the Lilium see RIA 3 C19.

Breaks off with p. 149 uathmuracht aicidead. From the blank pages that follow (pp. 150-61) it is clear that it was the scribe's intention to complete the text.

150-61 Blank except for the following (a) p. 151 in a crude later hand, the first three definitions from the more common version of the Lilium Medicinae (see p. 135 above); (b) pp. 156, 158 scribblings and two Latin quotations (this hand also scribbled on 23N29 fo. 10 fragment of the present ms., for which see p. 134.19 above; (c) p. 161 in the hand of (a), two more definitions from the Lilium Medicinae.

162 Logical propositions. On qualities. Beg. Qualitas est illut propter quam calitatis dicimur .i. isead is cailiacht ann ...

In primo specie ... .i. is annsa .100. gne don cailighacht ata an aibic ... Breaks off with l.8 nach sosgartha rosa.

The remainder of the page is blank.

163 Petrus de Argellata. De Chirurgia. Beg. Cum humane uite brevitas testante Ypocrate uix suficiat ad immense ... .i. is ar egin is lor girra na beathadha do thachmhach faidigeachta na healadhan romhoire do reir fiadhnaise Ipocraid. Breaks off with p. 168 o linn ruadh <dochum ...>

Consists of chapter headings, definitions and quotations in Latin with Irish translation following extracted from the Irish version of De Chirurgia, a tract by Petrus de Argellata which treats of various kinds of abscesses, wounds, ulcers, injuries to nerves, bones, face, eyes etc. Full copies of this tract are in RIA 24P26, pp. 177-239, TCD E.3.30, pp. 1-124, King's Inns No. 15 p. 1ff.; imperfect copies in TCD E.4. 1, H.1.9, RIA 24P15. See W. Wulff, Lia Fáil i 126-129.

For information on the date, place of writing and sources of de Argellata's work see Lynn Throndike, A history of Magic and Experimental Science iv 133.

169 John of Platearius. Short tract on the humours. Beg. Humor est substancia actualiter humida .i. isead is linn ann substaint fliuch gnimh <ighius ar na ...> a corp an ainmidhi ...

Fodhuiltear an linn a ceithri modhaib .i. a fuil deirg 7 a linn fuar a linn ruadh 7 a linn dubh ...

Ends ar talam. 7 lek Iohannes de Platea[r]ius dixit an beac so.

169.27 Compilation of short tracts on various diseases. Appears to have been compiled from a work of John of Platearius because he is cited as authority for most of the tracts.

The following are the opening words of each tract:

(1) Epilenscia est spasmus omni origine neruorum interiorum .i. isead is epilencia ann.

(2) 170 Litargia est obliuio mentis quedam silisus ... isead is litargia ann do reir Iohannes de Platearius.

(3) Melancolia est infeccio que fit de fumo ... isead is melancolia ann do reir Iohannes de Platearius.

(4) 171 Tristicia est multum amatur ... i ecmaisiugad gac[h]a réda.

(5) Frenisis est apostema quodam factum in paniculis cerebri .i. iseadh is frenisis ann do reir Iohannes de Platearius.

(6) 173 De Scotomia .i. iseadh is scotomia ann ... 7 adeir Gilbertinus.

(7) Capilli ex raritate cadentibus cutis inspicetur .i. adeir Iohannes de Platearius.

(8) Riagal annso .i. mad ro ger tinnius na sul.

Ends dleagar a mbriseadh. Iohannes de Platearius dixit an beac so 7 lek.

174.9 Bernard of Gordon. Prognostica. Headed an chedchaibidil don dara pairtigeal do Pro[g]nostica Bernaird. Beg. Tempus uernale secundum intencionem astronomorum incipit a principio ... .i. do reir inntinne na n-astrolaigheadh is ann tinnsganus an t-earrac[h] o t[h]osac[h] aireis 7 mairid go crich gemin[i]. Ends gentear easlaintibh te tirim. 7 lek. 7ca.

An abbreviated version of six chapters of particle 2 of Gordon's Prognostica. For a more extensive version of the tract see RIA 3C19, ff. 241 et seq. CF. G 11, p. 425.

178.17 Definition of imposthume from Gordon's Prognostica. Beg. Apostema est morbus compositus in quo omnia genera morborum sunt ... .i. isead is neascoid ann galar comhsuidhigthi.

Ends rith ar a fut. in .5. caib. don dara pairtigeal do pro[g]nostica Bernaird adeir sin et lk.

This is immediately followed (l.28) by the scribal colophon , which, however, appears to have been written at a later date (see introductory remarks):

Aois an Tigearna mile bliadhain 7.a. [? .5. c.] 7 .50. gus an eissiugad hoidhche onocht 7 é mar litir domhnaigh ann 7 an dara bliadhain don cical sholardha 7 an dara bliadain deg don cical lunardha 7 an treas callann deg do mhi Ianair. Et misi Emunga mhac Daibhidh uadh in Polccai 7 urlann chuir sin ar chuid dhe 7 ruicthear as. A mBodasdoic damh anois a pfochuir corce Dondchaidh mheic Deinis. Et taphradh gac[h] aen leigfeas oraid ar anmain an ti ro scriobh Émann.

179 Beg. Incipit Clarificacio Bernardi de Gordonio .i. is annso tinnschaigthear faisdine Bernard de Gordonio .i. doc[h]tuir sduiderach o Mons Pisilain. Et is uime adubhradh clairificacio risin bhfhaisdine so an focal laidin ... Oir is annsa do bliadain .20. do aois Bernaird do thinnscain se 7 do gradhadh sduider inntlechtach na praiticeachta ... gurob uime sin do ordaigh Bernard da dhiscibail sduider minic na praiticeachta do fhadhbail clu do fein 7 do shaoradh na n-easlan o bas ...

Text proper begins (l.18) Clarificacio febrium .i. tinnscnamh ar dus d'faisdine na fiabrus do reir Bernaird. Breaks off with p. 184 an caindigheacht bic Et.

This tract on fevers (ephemera, causon, tertian, synocha, quartan) appears to have been compiled from Bernard's Lilium Medicinae, in particular from the section headed `Clarificacio' of each disease.

The following scribal entry is written on p. 184 upper margin <...> and so is measa na tu 7 olcus do shleachta adbar cairt so Eumainn.

185 On Contusion. The beginning of the text is on pp. 205-6, the last leaf of the ms. which has been misplaced (see introductory remarks). Beg. Qui scientiam uiuit non morietur in eternum Galienus dicit in .7. libro De Ingenio .i. isead adubairt annsin gibe aithbheoghaighis an ealada nac[h] tét se d'eg 7 is uime sin dob ail lium compendium do dhénamh ... 7 is uime sin dob ail lium difinicion na cneide do loixead sean ruadh do thabairt 7 a hainm dilis .i. contucion 7 do sgribh Gydo difinicion in anmasa sa ceathramad leabar sa .8. caibidil. Contucio est solucio continuitatis. Ends ar thuaruscbail in contucion 7 o fhiadhnuise in lucht frithoilti a n-inannus tuaruscbala risna dochtuiribh 7 do sgribhamar diffinicion o Petrus de Argellata air a tosac[h] in collectorium so 7 o Bernard sa Lile os ina n-aimsir do frith in sineadh laimhe ar tús.

This tract which deals with various aspects of contusion cites many authorities, both philosophers and medical men. At the end of the tract (pp. 197-8) the author again enumerates his many authorities.

Considering the author refers to the work of Guy de Chauliac (Cirurgia, completed in 1363) it can be assumed that the present work was not written earlier than the close of the 14th cent.

P. 186 is blank but there does not appear to be a break in the continuity of the text. The following probatio pennae occurs on p. 205 lower margin fec[h]ain glesa ann.

198.16 A lsit of philosophers and medical men in first letter order. Beg Avicenna ughdar araipeac[h] 7 e ro eolach a loiyc 7 a bhfheallsamhacht. Alaxannder ughdar gregac[h] 7 descibal do Galen é do reir Raisis. Aueroeis ughdar araipeac[h]. Alibertus ughdar laidiandai ... Brunus de Padua dochtuir etailleach. Ends Et adubhramar annsin anmanna na ndochtuiridhi 7 na n-ughdar ailleidighthear isin ealadain leighis 7 ni bhfuaramar Pita[g]urus na Aristotail a caibidil na gcneadh ga n-aireamh aturra sin ergo 7 ca. .4.5. a lin sin uile. Immediately followed by the scribal entry misi Emonn go toirrseac[h].

200. On the significance of the Greek letters in the word `Magister'. Beg. Do cheimeanaibh na maigisterac[h]a annso oir ata in feallsamh aga fiarfaighi c<ad is>maigister ann no cad fa n-abarthar maigsiter ris. Et adeir Tomas Alifanus curob on fhocal laidin darob ainm maigister 7 is e méid do leterac[h]a ata isin ainm so .i. ocht leterac[h]a. Ends ona bunughus.

For another copy see TCD E.4.1, p. 364a.

200.23 (in late hand) The following Non dum pena menas ate declinat eneas.

Lemigh oghan lúth nach lacc. scolog úr ard on chomhrag. fear 7 diis fear 7 diis. aonfear 7 aon diis. fear 7 fear. da diis da cheathrar da dhiis. na seachnann triuir treabh underneath which is the following (in another late hand).:

Dias 7 aon triur 7 cuigear dias 7 dias. ceathrar 7 aen aen 7 triur aen 7 dias dias 7 aen.

201 Beg. Medicina sanguinis non abemus euaccuantem. adeir Haly a Tegni nac[h] fuil aen leigheas lagthach dilis ac fuil deircc et ma ta nar frit[h] he do reir Galen sa .9. caibidil do .M.tegni or adeir nac[h] folmaiginn an leigheas lagthach in linn aca bfuil do dilis aitreabad isna cuisleannaibh amail ata fuil dearcc. Breaks off with p. 204 curub biadh sodileagtha.

Definitions etc. in Latin followed by Irish translation presumably extracted from a text dealing with purging and prugatives.